Water Management Including Micro Irrigation

Water Management Including Micro Irrigation
1. Water Resources & Irrigation Development in India and M.S
2. Sources and Functions of Water
3. Classification of Soil Water or Kinds of Soil Water
4. Absorption and Movement of Water in Soil
5. Forces Causing Water Movement and Retention of Water in Soil
6. Soil Moisture Constant
7. Available and Unavailable Soil Water
8. Absorption of Moisture by Crops
9. Factors Affecting Absorption of Water
10. Methods of Soil Moisture Estimation Methods : Laboratory & Field
11. Evaporation, Transpiration, Evapo-transpiration and factors influencing ET
12. Water Requirement and Irrigation Requirement
13. Quantity of Irrigation Water or How Much to Irrigation
14. Devices Used for Measuring Irrigation Water
15. Criteria for Scheduling Irrigation or Approaches for Irrigation Scheduling
16. Simple Technique for Scheduling Irrigation
17. Methods of Irrigation- Surface, Surge, Subsurface, Sprinkler, Raingun Sprinkler
18. Micro Irrigation
19. Irrigation
20. Sprinkler Irrigation
21. Systems of Sprinkle Irrigation
22. Components of Sprinkler Irrigation System
23. Irrigation Efficiency
24. Water Conyenance Efficiency and Water Use Efficiency
25. Frequency of Irrigation
26. Water Quality Parameters
27. Factors Affecting Frequency of Irrigation
28. Common Problems that Result From Using Poor Quality Irrigation Water
29. Quality of Water from Different Sources
30. Definition of Drainage, Causes of Water Logging Effects of Bad Drainage
31. Type of Drainage
32. Agro Technique under ill Drained Soils, Reclamation of Damaged Soils
33. Study of Water Table
34. Type of Land Requiring Drainage
35. Material used Drip System Design
36. Definitions and Terms used in Irrigation

My Agriculture Information Bank

What is Agriinfo.in?
Agriinfo.in is the website developed by well educated agri professionals having very deep knowledge and good background of agriculture. These professionals are having the educational qualifications from Diploma in Agriculture to Ph. D in Agriculture.Agriculture science is connected to the various sciences as botany, dairy science, social science, economics, pathology, engineering, food science, soil science & chemistry. This are also called as the branches of agriculture. And we are having the team specialist for each and every branch. Our Vision:To create the My Agriculture Information Bank this will provide all type of agriculture information at anytime at anyplace and at free of cost.Our Mission:To provide all information related to agriculture at one spot i.e. My Agriculture Information bank.Our Objectives: Encourage peoples to read about agriculture science by provide free online quality agriculture information. To create the one spot agriculture information center. Educate: Educate the peoples related to the theory & practical of agriculture by creating one spot information center for agriculture. Develop: Develop the condition of Agriculture in India with the help of our educated peoples. Empower: Ask to peoples to empower farmers to go for new techniques. To provide free information to the agriculture professionals at anywhere and at anytime whenever they required. Provide readymade study materials to the agriculture students, etc…By,
Team Agriinfo
http://www.agriinfo.in/

My Agriculture Information Bank

What is Agriinfo.in?
Agriinfo.in is the website developed by well educated agri professionals having very deep knowledge and good background of agriculture. These professionals are having the educational qualifications from Diploma in Agriculture to Ph. D in Agriculture.Agriculture science is connected to the various sciences as botany, dairy science, social science, economics, pathology, engineering, food science, soil science & chemistry. This are also called as the branches of agriculture. And we are having the team specialist for each and every branch. Our Vision:To create the My Agriculture Information Bank this will provide all type of agriculture information at anytime at anyplace and at free of cost.Our Mission:To provide all information related to agriculture at one spot i.e. My Agriculture Information bank.Our Objectives: Encourage peoples to read about agriculture science by provide free online quality agriculture information. To create the one spot agriculture information center. Educate: Educate the peoples related to the theory & practical of agriculture by creating one spot information center for agriculture. Develop: Develop the condition of Agriculture in India with the help of our educated peoples. Empower: Ask to peoples to empower farmers to go for new techniques. To provide free information to the agriculture professionals at anywhere and at anytime whenever they required. Provide readymade study materials to the agriculture students, etc…By,Team Agriinfohttp://www.agriinfo.in/

SOIL-FORMING MATERIALS

Rocks are the chief sources for the parent materials over which soils are developed. There are three main kinds of rocks:
(i)igneous rocks,
(ii)sedimentary rocks, and
(iii)metamorphic rocks.

Igneous rocks: They are formed by the cooling, hardening and crystallizing of various kinds of lavas and differ widely in their chemical composition. They chiefly contain feldspars, maphic minerals and quartz. Rocks containing a high proportion of quartz (60-75%) are classified as acidic, whereas those containing less than 50% quartz are classified as basic. The common igneous rocks found in India are the granites(acidic) and basalts or the Deccan Trap (basic)

Sedimentary rocks: They are derived from igneous rocks and are formed by the consolidation of fragmentary rock materials and the products of their decomposition deposited by water. The common sedimentary rocks are conglomerate, sandstone, shale and limestone. Alluvial, glacial and aeolian deposits form the unconsolidated sedimentary rocks.

Metamorphic rocks: They are formed from the igneous or sedimentary rocks by the action of intense heat and high pressure or both resulting in considerable change in the texture and mineral composition. The common metamorphic rocks are gneis from granite, quartzite from quartz or sandstone, marble from limestone and slate from shale

Introduction with Soil.

SOIL may be defined as a thin layer of earth's crust which serves as a natural medium for growth of plants. It is the unconsolidated mineral matter that has been subjected to, and influenced by, genetic and environmental factors-- parent material, climate, organisms and topography all acting over a period of time. Soil differs from the parent material in the morphological, physical , chemical and biological properties. Also, soils differ among themselves in some or all the properties, depending on the differences in the genetic and environmental factors. Thus some soils are red, some are black; some are deep and some are shallow; some are coarse textured and some are fine-textured. They serve as a reservoir of nutrients and water for crops, provide mechanical anchorage and favourable tilth. The components of soil are mineral matter, organic matter, water and air, the proportions of which vary and which together form a system for plant growth; hence the need to study the soils in perspective.

What is Soil?

Soil - (i) The unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the Earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants. (ii) The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the Earth that has been subjected to and shows effects of genetic and environmental factors of: climate (including water and temperature effects), and macro- and microorganisms, conditioned by relief, acting on parent material over a period of time. A product-soil differs from the material from which it is derived in many physical, chemical, biological, and morphological properties and characteristics.

Soil - Soil is a natural body comprised of solids (minerals and organic matter), liquid, and gases that occurs on the land surface, occupies space, and is characterized by one or both of the following: horizons, or layers, that are distinguishable from the initial material as a result of additions, losses, transfers, and transformations of energy and matter or the ability to support rooted plants in a natural environment.

The upper limit of soil is the boundary between soil and air, shallow water, live plants, or plant materials that have not begun to decompose. Areas are not considered to have soil if the surface is permanently covered by water too deep (typically more than 2.5 meters) for the growth of rooted plants.

The lower boundary that separates soil from the nonsoil underneath is most difficult to define. Soil consists of horizons near the Earth's surface that, in contrast to the underlying parent material, have been altered by the interactions of climate, relief, and living organisms over time. Commonly, soil grades at its lower boundary to hard rock or to earthy materials virtually devoid of animals, roots, or other marks of biological activity. For purposes of classification, the lower boundary of soil is arbitrarily set at 200 cm.